The Doric Columns |
William Wallace - 1270~1305
Dunottar Castle & Aberdeen 1297
'The Prospect of Dunnotter Castle' Dramatically perched on cliffs above the North Sea, Dunnottar Castle near Stonehaven had been a fortified stronghold from at least the 7th century. In Slezer's time it was used to imprison Covenanters. It was also where the Scottish crown jewels were taken for safety during Oliver Cromwell's invasion in 1650.Slezer surveyed fortifications in Scotland in his capacity as the military's Chief Engineer. This prospect was based on some of the first drawings he made in that role.
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There William Wallace found an armada of 100 English ships, heavily laden with provisions and soldiers, still anchored within its harbour. It was obvious to William Wallace that the English were hastily leaving, and the speed of his arrival from Dunnottar Castle had caught the English unawares.William Wallace waited until it was low tide, then the rebels charged at the stranded ships in the harbour, they slaughtered its crew and soldiers, liberated its cargo, and then finally they burned the ships. Amid the confusion of the rebel's attack, the English Sheriff of Aberdeen, Sir Henry de Lazom took the opportunity and seized control of Aberdeen Castle in the name of King John Balliol.
Then William
Wallace and his rebel army headed north to
Crimond in Buchan and then westwards
to rendezvous with Andrew de Moray on the Spey. By 1
August
1297, William Wallace was back at Aberdeen
to oversee the set up of the region's administration, but shortly afterwards he
was called away to supervise the siege at
Dundee. Also in 1 August
1297, the Governor of Scotland, John de Warenne
was at
Berwick,
and from there he sent a dispatch to King Edward I, in which it stated that
Sir Henry de Lazom
had seized
Aberdeen
Castle.
Then it goes on to say that he had not heard of Lazom's fate, but pledged that
'if caught, he shall be honoured according to his deserts'. As a result of John
de Warenne report, Sir Henry de Lazom had his estate in Lancashire seized and
was subsequently branded 'a rebel adherent of the Scots'. By August
1297, the lands north of the rivers Clyde and Forth were largely in the control
of the rebels. With the notable exceptions of Dundee
and Stirling Castle,
as they were still staunchly
William Wallace was captured by the English, and was hung, drawn and quartered at Smithfield in London in 1305. His fate - the body of the said William be cut up and divided into four parts, and that the head, so cut off, be set up on London Bridge, in the sight of such as pass by, whether by land or by water; and that one quarter be hung on a gibbet at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, another quarter at Berwick, a third quarter at Stirling, and the fourth at St Johnston (Perth), as a warning and a deterrent to all that pass by and behold them.
Latin Inscription - "Freedom is the ideal; never live like a slave." ...a tall man with the body of a giant, cheerful in appearance with agreeable features, broad-shouldered and big-boned... pleasing in appearance but with a wild look, broad in the hips, with strong arms and legs, a most spirited fighting-man, with all his limbs very strong and firm "I can not be a traitor, for I owe him no allegiance. He is not my Sovereign; he never received my homage; and whilst life is in this persecuted body, he shall never receive it." I never proposed to myself, that, as the end of my travel and labour, which neither my circumstances or my fortune can admit; nor doth my mind desire: but when I see my fellow subjects destitute of leaders by your cowardice, and disposed to a most cruel enemy, not for slavery, but for butchery and destruction; I took pity upon their case, and have undertaken their cause, forsaken by you; and I will as soon leave my Life, as forsake their liberties, fortunes and safety. You, to whom nasty slavery with security, is preferable to honest liberty with hazard, embrace that fortune, which you so greatly esteem : I shall freely and willingly die, tho' I had a thousand lives, in the defence of my Country, nor shall the love to my Country leave me, before my life forsake me. The story of Wallace poured a Scottish prejudice into my veins which will boil along till the floodgates of time shut in eternal rest. - Burns |
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